By Penelope A. Domogo, MD
It’s summer once again and we do feel the heat. Although here in Baguio, the temperature has been cooler than I expected with really cool mornings. But still, whether you are here in the highlands or the lowlands, there is the danger of heat stroke.
Heat stroke is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that happens when the body’s automatic cooling system fails, usually in summer, because of prolonged exposure to very hot sun and/or the person is dehydrated, or in crowded events like festivals.
Our bodies normally have an automatic cooling system that regulate temperature through sweating. As our sweat evaporates, we cool down. But when this cooling system fails because of the conditions mentioned above, then body temperature rises and when it reaches 40°C (104°F) or higher, heat stroke may develop. This is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention. It is like the car overheating because the radiator has no more water.
Farmers, construction workers, and delivery riders who spend long hours outdoors are particularly at risk of heat stroke. Elderly individuals, young children, and people with chronic illnesses such as heart disease or diabetes are also at higher risk. Even healthy individuals like athletes and workers can develop heat stroke if they push themselves too hard in hot conditions without enough rest or water.
Symptoms of heat stroke include a very high body temperature, hot and dry skin (sometimes with no sweating), confusion, dizziness, headache, nausea, and a rapid pulse. In severe cases, a person may lose consciousness or have seizures. It is important not to ignore these symptoms.
If someone is suspected of having heat stroke, act quickly. Move the person to a shaded or cooler place right away. Loosen or remove excess clothing and try to cool them down using whatever is available—fan them, apply cool wet cloths, or place ice packs on the neck, armpits, and groin. If the person is conscious, give small sips of water. However, do not force fluids if they are confused or unconscious. Most importantly, seek medical help immediately or bring the person to the nearest health facility.
The warning signs of heat stroke can occur quickly so don’t wait for these to happen because it can damage the brain and other vital organs.
How to prevent heat stroke? Stay hydrated by drinking water regularly, even if you do not feel thirsty. So best to always carry your water whenever you go out of the house. Push for water drinking especially with children and the elderly. Avoid working or exercising or playing during the hottest part of the day, usually between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. Wear light-colored, loose-fitting clothing and use hats or umbrellas for protection. Take frequent breaks in the shade, especially if your work requires physical effort. So we also need to plant trees by the roadsides, around gardens, around our houses and wherever can be.
Heat stroke is preventable, but it can become deadly if ignored. By staying alert, hydrated, and prepared, everyone can do their daily activities safely, even during warm days.***
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“Dear friend, I pray that you may enjoy good health and that all may go well with you, even as your soul is getting along well.” 3 John 1:2
